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实验目的:
理解LVM(逻辑卷管理器),添加、删除和调整LVM大小。
实验环境:
操作系统:RedHat Enterprise Linux 5 (RHEL5)
相关软件:lvm2-2.02.16-3.el5
实验步骤:
1. 新建分区,并将新分区的系统类型改为Linux LVM
使用“fdisk”交互模式新增分区
[root@linux tmp]# fdisk /dev/hda
Command (m for help): n //使用“n”新建分区 First cylinder (7797-9729, default 7797): Using default value 7797 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7797-9729, default 9729): +100M // 设定分区大小
Command (m for help): n First cylinder (7810-9729, default 7810): Using default value 7810 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7810-9729, default 9729): +100M
Command (m for help): n First cylinder (7823-9729, default 7823): Using default value 7823 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7823-9729, default 9729): +50M
Command (m for help): p //使用“p”查看分区信息
我们刚刚建立的分区如下
/dev/hda5 7797 7809 104391 83 Linux /dev/hda6 7810 7822 104391 83 Linux /dev/hda7 7823 7829 56196 83 Linux
Linux LVM分区类型代码为“8e”,(我们可以通过“l” 查看分区类型代码)
将刚刚建立的分区转换成Linux LVM类型
Command (m for help): t //使用“t”转换分区类型 Partition number (1-7): 7 // 输入分区号 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e //输入分区类型代码 Changed system type of partition 7 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): tPartition number (1-7): 6Hex code (type L to list codes): 8eChanged system type of partition 6 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-7): 5Hex code (type L to list codes): 8eChanged system type of partition 5 to 8e (Linux LVM)
查看现在的分区信息
/dev/hda5 7797 7809 104391 8e Linux LVM /dev/hda6 7810 7822 104391 8e Linux LVM /dev/hda7 7823 7829 56196 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w //输入“w” 保存退出
立即更新分区信息而不用重新启动系统
[root@linux tmp]# partprobe
2. 建立PV(物理卷)
将新建的分区“ /dev/hda5 /dev/hda6 /dev/hda7 ”转换为PV
[root@linux tmp]# pvcreate /dev/hda5 /dev/hda6 /dev/hda7 Physical volume "/dev/hda5" successfully created Physical volume "/dev/hda6" successfully created Physical volume "/dev/hda7" successfully created
查看PV信息
[root@linux tmp]# pvdisplay --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/hda5 VG Name PV Size 101.94 MB Allocatable NO PE Size (KByte) 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID jSaI8a-D2B3-5HSA-LkPT-hQ1v-gut6-yY10t6 --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/hda6 VG Name PV Size 101.94 MB Allocatable NO PE Size (KByte) 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID ZHYeHa-lJtI-0UA8-DZhN-WBiU-0pfF-gqFlsy --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/hda7 VG Name PV Size 54.88 MB Allocatable NO PE Size (KByte) 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID KLBWkX-l694-Yagy-BdHf-RkJ2-2NIC-ltGty0
3. 建立VG(卷组)
将刚刚建立的PV中的2个分配到VG中,将VG命名为vg1
[root@linux tmp]# vgcreate vg1 /dev/hda5 /dev/hda6 Volume group "vg1" successfully created
查看建立好的VG
[root@linux tmp]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg1 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 200.00 MB PE Size 4.00 MB Total PE 50 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 50 / 200.00 MB VG UUID GOysUz-Fyeu-ttE0-R3UE-ra3Z-s1dM-l4QZ7n
4. 建立LV(逻辑卷)
建立新的LV,分配VG中全部的空间,并命名为LV1
[root@linux tmp]# lvcreate -L 200M -n lv1 vg1 Logical volume "lv1" created
查看LV信息
[root@linux tmp]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/vg1/lv1 VG Name vg1 LV UUID PkCxki-KweE-AcpE-r1KO-cguR-mxUm-xvPP0n LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 200.00 MB Current LE 50 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors 0 Block device 253:3
使用ext3格式,建立LV的文件系统
[root@linux tmp]# mke2fs -j /dev/vg1/lv1 mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) 51200 inodes, 204800 blocks 10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008 25 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2048 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (4096 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. 6. 挂载LV分区到目录
[root@linux tmp]# mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /tmp/lvm/
[root@linux tmp]# mount/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 on /tmp/lvm type ext3 (rw)
实验总结:
LVM将物理磁盘分区通过逻辑方式进行灵活的管理,可以充分保证在实际环境中对磁盘空间的合理利用。下期实验介绍如何调整LVM的大小和删除LVM。
RHCE_LAB(6)RHEL5的LVM应用实例(LVM创建)——结束